{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://fortunoff.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/jd4pk09290/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Geto, getunyu - געטאָ, געטוניו - Ghetto, My Dear Ghetto"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/005/original/Fortunoff-Logo.png?1549333634","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph W. was born in 1929 in Lodz, Poland. When the Nazi occupation began, he and his family were locked in the ghetto. One of Joseph’s brightest memories was of Jankele Herszkowicz (pronounced \u003cem\u003eYánkele Hershkóvitsh\u003c/em\u003e), who composed many songs in the Lodz Ghetto and was known as the ‘ghetto troubadour.’ “For everyone who came into the ghetto, he composed a song,” says Joseph, adding that “Jankele brought something extraordinary to the ghetto that was greater than medicine or anything else.”\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eBoth Joseph W. and Herszkowicz were deported, first to Auschwitz and then to a slave labor camp in Braunschweig, Germany. There they probably worked at the Büssing truck factory, where many Lodz Jews were brought in 1944-45.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eJankele Herszkowicz wrote many songs that quickly gained popularity. Most were written in the Lodz ghetto, such as the more famous \u003cem\u003eRumkowski Chaim\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eGeto, getunyu\u003c/em\u003e. At Auschwitz-Birkenau, he only wrote one song, \u003cem\u003eShtubuneltsto\u003c/em\u003e, presented in this series on the album \u003cem\u003eShray, Hertsele, Shray!—Songs from Testimonies\u003c/em\u003e, Volume 2.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHerszkowicz survived the war and the postwar massacres in Poland. Although he considered the option at some point, he never emigrated to Israel, even in the wake of the mass exodus that followed Władysław Gomułka’s antisemitic politics. Joseph suggests that this was perhaps because Herszkowicz’s wife was not Jewish. The Ghetto troubadour took his own life in 1972. “Did he sing in Poland after the war? Perhaps at the beginning, but afterwards—with whom? Everyone eventually left,” says Joseph.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHerszkowicz’s two sons passed on their father’s manuscripts to Joseph, as they were close friends. In his testimony, Joseph said that he wanted to publish the material, but we cannot verify whether this publication took place. Many of Herszkowicz’s songs survived through the rare recording of oral performances of survivors, and most of these were saved and preserved thanks to Gila Flam’s seminal research. The latter became the source for the 2005 record by the Brave Old World band, \u003cem\u003eDus gezang fin geto Lodzh\u003c/em\u003e (Song of the Lodz Ghetto).\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eKarl Liedke, ‘Destruction Through Work: Lodz Jews in the Büssing Truck Factory in Braunschweig, 1944-1945,’ in Yad Vashem Studies XXX (2002), pp. 153-188. Internet access: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3RV8w2X\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/3RV8w2X\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eGila Flam, Singing for Survival: Songs of the Lodz Ghetto, 1940-45 (Urbana \u0026amp; Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1992).\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eBrave Old World, ‘Dus gezang fin geto Lodzh’ / Song of the Lodz Ghetto. Music Edition Winter \u0026amp; Winter, Munich, Germany, 2005. LC02829.\u003c/p\u003e (Summary)","\u003cp\u003eJoseph W. Holocaust Testimony (HVT-2852). Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies, Yale University Library. \u003ca href=\"https://fortunoff.aviaryplatform.com/r/319s17sq2v\"\u003eView the testimony here\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e (Relatedmaterial)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph W. was born in 1929 in Lodz, Poland. When the Nazi occupation began, he and his family were locked in the ghetto. One of Joseph\u0026rsquo;s brightest memories was of Jankele Herszkowicz (pronounced \u003cem\u003eY\u0026aacute;nkele Hershk\u0026oacute;vitsh\u003c/em\u003e), who composed many songs in the Lodz Ghetto and was known as the \u0026lsquo;ghetto troubadour.\u0026rsquo; \u0026ldquo;For everyone who came into the ghetto, he composed a song,\u0026rdquo; says Joseph, adding that \u0026ldquo;Jankele brought something extraordinary to the ghetto that was greater than medicine or anything else.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eBoth Joseph W. and Herszkowicz were deported, first to Auschwitz and then to a slave labor camp in Braunschweig, Germany. There they probably worked at the B\u0026uuml;ssing truck factory, where many Lodz Jews were brought in 1944-45.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eJankele Herszkowicz wrote many songs that quickly gained popularity. Most were written in the Lodz ghetto, such as the more famous \u003cem\u003eRumkowski Chaim\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eGeto, getunyu\u003c/em\u003e. At Auschwitz-Birkenau, he only wrote one song, \u003cem\u003eShtubuneltsto\u003c/em\u003e, presented in this series on the album \u003cem\u003eShray, Hertsele, Shray!\u0026mdash;Songs from Testimonies\u003c/em\u003e, Volume 2.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHerszkowicz survived the war and the postwar massacres in Poland. Although he considered the option at some point, he never emigrated to Israel, even in the wake of the mass exodus that followed Władysław Gomułka\u0026rsquo;s antisemitic politics. Joseph suggests that this was perhaps because Herszkowicz\u0026rsquo;s wife was not Jewish. The Ghetto troubadour took his own life in 1972. \u0026ldquo;Did he sing in Poland after the war? Perhaps at the beginning, but afterwards\u0026mdash;with whom? Everyone eventually left,\u0026rdquo; says Joseph.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHerszkowicz\u0026rsquo;s two sons passed on their father\u0026rsquo;s manuscripts to Joseph, as they were close friends. In his testimony, Joseph said that he wanted to publish the material, but we cannot verify whether this publication took place. Many of Herszkowicz\u0026rsquo;s songs survived through the rare recording of oral performances of survivors, and most of these were saved and preserved thanks to Gila Flam\u0026rsquo;s seminal research. The latter became the source for the 2005 record by the Brave Old World band, \u003cem\u003eDus gezang fin geto Lodzh\u003c/em\u003e (Song of the Lodz Ghetto).\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eKarl Liedke, \u0026lsquo;Destruction Through Work: Lodz Jews in the B\u0026uuml;ssing Truck Factory in Braunschweig, 1944-1945,\u0026rsquo; in Yad Vashem Studies XXX (2002), pp. 153-188. Internet access: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3RV8w2X\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/3RV8w2X\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eGila Flam, Singing for Survival: Songs of the Lodz Ghetto, 1940-45 (Urbana \u0026amp; Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1992).\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eBrave Old World, \u0026lsquo;Dus gezang fin geto Lodzh\u0026rsquo; / Song of the Lodz Ghetto. Music Edition Winter \u0026amp; Winter, Munich, Germany, 2005. LC02829.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph W. Holocaust Testimony (HVT-2852). 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